METRO

KOLKATA METRO

         Kolkata Metro is the first metro rail system employed in India and was started in the year 1984. It is a public sector undertaking organization and a rapid transit system serving the cities of Kolkata. The network currently consists of one operational line of 27.22km with five lines under construction.There are 300 metro services daily carrying over 650000 passengers making it second busiest metro system in India. On 29th December 2010, it became 17th zone of the Indian Railways. The rolling stocks of Kolkata metro uses Indian broad gauge track which is manufactured by ICF (Integral Coach Factory) and the electrical components manufactured by NGEF, Bangalore. Initially the rolling fleet was composed of 4-car rakes, with the increase in traffic 8-car formations are used now. Presently there are 18 non AC rakes and 13 AC rakes. Maximum speed of these are 55kmph and average operating is 30-31kmph. Kolkata metro has 24 stations, 15 of which are underground, 7 are elevated and 2 stations at grade. Magnetic ticketing system was used for 27years from 1984 to 2011, Kolkata metro introduced Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tokens by Centre for Railway Information from 2011.The metro rail operates between 6:45 to 21:55 hrs running every 7 minutes and 5 minutes during peak hours on weekdays. Metro runs on Sunday between 9:50 to 21:55 hrs.

 CHENNAI METRO

Chennai Metro officially known as Chennai Metro Rail Limited is a rapid transit system serving the city of Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Chennai Metro is the 4th largest metro system in India after Delhi metro, Bangalore metro and Kolkata metro. The system consists of a mix of underground and elevated stations and uses standard gauge. The operating time is in between 6:00 to 22:00hrs with a varying frequency of 10-20min. The train has four coaches. The rail tracks are manufactured in Brazil and raw materials was supplied by TATA steel. The average operating speed is 35kmph(22mph) and maximum speed is 80kmph(50mph). The train will have a first class compartment and a women's section with 14 seats in the first class car and 44 seats in the normal car. The trains are air-conditioned with electrically operated automatic sliding doors and a regenerative braking system. The cars will operate on 25KV AC through an overhead canary system. The trains are connected to the grid via overhead cables and are equipped with regenerative braking with a capacity to recover 30-35% of the braking during braking.

 DELHI METRO

Delhi metro is metro system serving Delhi and its satellite cities in national capital region of India. Delhi metro is the world's 12th longest metro system in length and 10th largest in ridership. The network consists of 5 colour coded regular lines and the faster airport express line with a total length of 218km serving 164 stations. The system has a mix of underground, at-grade and elevated stations using both broad gauge and standard gauge. The power output  is supplied by 25kv 50hz AC through overhead lines. The trains are usually four, six or eight coach length. DMRC operates over 3000 trips daily with first trains starting at 5:00 and last at 23:30. The rolling stock used by DMRC are of two types. Phase I line uses 1676mm broad gauge rolling stock. Phase II line uses 1435mm standard gauge rolling stock.Trains are maintained at seven depots Khyber Pass and Sultanpur for the Yellow Line, Mundka for the Green Line, Najafgarh and Yamuna Bank for the Blue Line, Shastri Park for the Red Line, and Sarita Vihar for the Violet Line.

MUMBAI METRO

Mumbai Metro is a rapid transit system serving the city of Mumbai, Maharashtra. Mumbai metro was introduced to reduce traffic in roadways and  Mumbai suburban rail network. Lines on the Mumbai metro are currently identified by numbers. CSR Nanjing is the company which provides rolling stock to Mumbai metro. In may 2008, CSR Nanjing completed the first 16 trains each comprising of 4 cars. The average speed of the trains are 33kmph(21mph) and the top speed is 80kmph(50mph). The coaches are fire retardant, air-conditioned and designed to reduce noise and vibration and will feature both high seating capacity and ample space for standing passengers. Each coach will have a black box to assist in accident investigations. The trains will be capable of carrying over 1,100 passengers in a four-car unit, with each carriage being   approximately 2.9 meters (9.5 ft) wide. Unlike 97% of metro corridors worldwide which run on direct current (DC), the Mumbai Metro runs on alternating current (AC).    

KOCHI METRO 

Kochi metro is a newly inaugurated metro system for south Indian city of Kochi in Kerala, India and is the fastest metro project in India in terms of completion. Kochi metro uses 65metre long Metropolis train sets built and designed by Alstom. Each coach will have three wide doors, with automatic door closing and opening. The capacity of each train is 975 passengers. The Kochi Metro is the first metro system in India to use a communication-based train control (CBTC) system for signalling and telecommunication. KMRL will acquire 20MW of electricity annually, to operate the metro. The electricity will be supplied from the Kaloor substation of the Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB).

The minimum fare on the Kochi Metro is Rs10  and the maximum is Rs60. The metro line is split into 6 fare zones named F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6, corresponding to a distance that is a multiple of five. The minimum fare of Rs10 applies for the first 2 km, with rates increasing by Rs10 for subsequent fare zone. Metro fares are slightly higher than the fare for Volvo city bus services in Kochi.The metro system will use the Kochi One pre-paid EMV chip smart card, which can also be used on other modes of public transport in the city, including KSRTC and private buses, ferries operated by the SWTD, and the proposed air-conditioned ferries to be operated by the KMRL. The metro is expected to operate with a headway of 10 minutes.